He hadn’t considered the consequences of his sudden charge, and he was now trapped between the Hittites and the river. He forced the Hittites to the Orontes River, where he slew many of them and drowned others who tried to flee. When the Ptah division came, Ramesses II had just changed the tide of battle, and he swiftly ordered them to join him in the attack. Ramesses II, seeing his predicament, invoked his patron deity, Amun, and fought back. The Egyptian infantry was being slaughtered by the Hittite cavalry, and survivors were fleeing for their camp’s safety. The fight is documented in Ramesses’ writings, Poem of Pentaur and The Bulletin ( Eva March Tappan, History of the World in Story, Song and art), in which he describes how the Hittites utterly overran the Amun division and shattered the lines. The Hittites shouted out from behind the walls of Kadesh and struck as Ramesses II was setting up camp. The Hittite army, on the other hand, was only a mile distant, and the two spies had been dispatched on purpose. Ramesses II, reassured, abandoned his intentions for an immediate strike and ordered his division to encamp and await the arrival of the remainder of the army. Two Hittite spies were apprehended at this time and tortured into divulging the whereabouts of the Hittite army, which they said was nowhere near the city. They marched for two months until reaching a point where he felt secure in forming his army in battle formation for an attack on the city, and he waited for the others to come up with his Amun division and his sons. In 1281 BC, Ramesses captured the Sherden sea pirates who had become a major threat to the Ancient Egypt’s maritime business. History aficionados refer to him as “Ramesses the Great” because of this.Įgypt was also at its pinnacle of strength and splendour during his rule. This represented his ideal of a large nation, and he was dubbed “ruler of rulers” as a result. He conducted multiple excursions and was focused on achieving his objectives. He had his name and accomplishments carved into stone from one end of Egypt to the other, and there isn’t a single ancient Egyptian monument that doesn’t mention Ramesses the Great. His rule had lasted so long that when he died, all of his people had been born knowing Ramesses as pharaoh, and there was widespread fear that the world would end with his death. Ramesses was ninety-six years old when he died, and he had almost 200 wives and concubines. As a result, he was able to conduct deadly wars against the Nubians, Syrians, Libyans, and Hittites in order to defend Egypt’s frontiers. He is well-known for having a commanding presence in the Egyptian army. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed in whole or part without the express written permission of AncientPages.Ramesses II (1279–1213 BC) was the third pharaoh of the 19th Dynasty, Ramesses was just 25 years old when he was anointed Pharaoh of Egypt after his father’s death in 1279 BC. Written by Ellen Lloyd – Ĭopyright © All rights reserved. Much can be said about Pharaoh Ramesses II, whose giant monuments and statues remind us of the greatness of Egypt's most famous king, whose tales endure even today. Ramesses II was buried in the Valley of the Kings, and his body was identified in the Deir el-Bahari cache. The tomb of many of his sons was recently found in the Valley of the Kings (KV5). The tomb of his principal wife, Nefertari, at Thebes is one of the best-preserved royal tombs. He also founded a new capital, Pi-Ramesse, in the eastern Delta, which remained the royal residence throughout the Ramesside period. "He added to the great temples at Karnak, and Luxo, completed his father Seti's mortuary temple at Gourna (Thebes) and also his Abydos temple, and built his temple nearby at Abydos." 2 However, it cannot be denied Ramesses II was a genuine builder whose temples we admire today with pleasure. Pharaoh Ramesses II added, "his name to other kings' monuments and statues right back to the Middle Kingdom so that nowadays the majority of cartouches seen almost any monument proclaim his throne alone." 2 He was not shy to take credit for monuments he never constructed. Ramesses II built a vast number of temples throughout Egypt and Nubia.
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